Geopolitics plays an important role in understanding the dynamics of change in global politics. This concept includes the study of interactions between geography, political power, and international strategy. With national boundaries often unclear, global power shifts become more complex. One significant geopolitical phenomenon is the increasing influence of China. The Belt and Road Initiative, for example, shows China’s strategy to strengthen global trade networks. Through large investments in infrastructure, China has not only expanded its economic influence but also strengthened its political position in many countries. On the other hand, the United States tries to maintain its global dominance with an “America First” approach. By prioritizing its national interests, the US often comes into conflict with its traditional allies. This unpredictable foreign policy caused uncertainty in international alliances. Russian influence cannot be ignored either. With its intervention in Ukraine and involvement in the Middle East, Russia sought to restore its status as a global power. This poses a serious challenge to NATO and Western countries who feel threatened by Russian expansion. Geopolitical dynamics are also influenced by environmental issues. Climate change is a global concern that triggers resource conflicts. Countries with abundant water resources, such as Ethiopia and Egypt, are embroiled in tensions over the use of water from the Nile River. Additionally, the impact of natural disasters can drive mass migration, creating challenges for national security. Technology also plays an important role in modern geopolitics. Cyber warfare introduces a new dimension to the struggle for power, where countries attack each other through cyber attacks. Countries such as Russia and China are often accused of cyber activity to disrupt elections and critical infrastructure in other countries. Changes in the political map have also been triggered by the rise of populism. In many countries, populist leaders took power with promises to restore national identity. This often leads to a more aggressive and isolationist foreign policy, leading to greater global uncertainty. Global health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic add layers of complexity to geopolitics. Vaccine distribution has become a tool for increasing influence, with countries seeking to show solidarity but also competing for the lead in health assistance. Economic sanctions are an important tool in foreign policy. Countries like the US use sanctions to pressure countries deemed to be violating international norms. However, the impact of these sanctions is sometimes reversed, strengthening nationalism in the target country and increasing global tensions. Finally, international cooperation is also changing. Organizations like the UN, which are supposed to be forums for diplomacy and conflict resolution, are often accused of being ineffective. However, amidst these challenges, new multilateral initiatives are emerging to address specific issues, from climate change to cybersecurity. With various factors influencing each other, geopolitical dynamics and changes in global politics will continue and evolve. Every country must navigate these complexities to protect national interests and contribute to global stability.